WGU. Pathophysiology 1

Question 12

WGU. Pathophysiology 1. What are the possible child outcomes for hemophilia, an X-linked genetic disorder, if one parent is XhX and the other is XY?

• XX, XY, XhX, XhY
• XhX, XhY
• XX, XY
• XhXh, XhX, XhY, XY

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Question 15

A 19-year-old patient reports persistent itching and peeling dry skin between the first and second toes. The patient also has a burning sensation. An internal medicine practitioner prescribes antifungal ointment and wash for the next four weeks. Which condition does this patient have?

• Foot blister
• Tinea pedis
• Tinea unguium
• Foot nevus

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Question 16

The record of a 35-year-old woman contains the following information: Presentation: Sudden, transient motor and sensory disturbances, impaired vision, muscle weakness, and balance problems. Diagnostic work-up including neurological exam, CT, MRI, and CSF analysis. The patient’s diagnosis is a chronic, autoimmune, progressive, and irreversible disease characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath. Which condition does this patient have?

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Alzheimer disease
• Parkinson disease
• Multiple sclerosis

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Question 17

Which condition is caused by degeneration of the nerves that carry impulses to and from the brain and spinal cord, causing loss of sensation, pain, and inability to control muscles?

• Bell palsy
• Alzheimer disease
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Quadriplegia

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Question 18

Which disease can vitamin B12 deficiency be attributed to?

• Obesity
• Hypertension
• Alcoholism
• Diabetes

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Question 19

What is the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis?

• Damage to the cells of the basal ganglia and cortex
• Damage to the myelin of the peripheral nervous system (Note: Clinically, MS affects the central nervous system, but this is the intended test answer)
• Progressive destruction of the cells of the substantia nigra
• Progressive destruction and weakening of the skeletal muscles

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Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with subdural hematoma. Which recent condition may be indicated by the patient’s history and physical? WGU; PAO1: Pathophysiology

• Transient ischemic attack
• Head trauma
• Pulmonary embolism
• Cerebrovascular accident

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Question 21

What condition could lead to anemia from chronic blood loss?

• Excess alcohol consumption
• Diabetes mellitus
• Menorrhagia
• Venous stasis

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Question 22

A patient’s medical record documents reports of fatigue, shortness of breath, and vomiting. The patient was given medication for crushing chest pain that radiated to the neck and jaw. The patient’s blood test showed elevated cardiac enzyme levels. Which condition is described?

• Atrial fibrillation
• Myocardial infarction
• Congestive heart failure
• Angina pectoris

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Question 23

What are symptoms of aplastic anemia?

• Hair loss and bradycardia
• Fatigue and Menorrhagia
• Afebrile and slurred speech
• Restlessness and jugular vein distention

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Question 24

Which cardiovascular condition occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle becomes blocked (usually by a clot), potentially causing heart muscle damage and death?

• Angina pectoris
• Congestive heart failure WGU. Pathophysiology 1
• Atrial fibrillation
• Myocardial infarction

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Question 25

Which condition occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the heart and damages the heart muscle due to lack of oxygen?

• Myocardial infarction
• Angina pectoris
• Atherosclerosis
• Heart dysrhythmia

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Question 26

A 22-year-old patient who uses IV drugs presents with intermittent fever with chills, night sweats, weakness, and bloody urine for the past three weeks. On examination, the skin shows pinpoint hemorrhages. The echocardiogram shows abnormal growths on the heart valves. Which condition is indicated by this patient’s presentation?

• Angina pectoris
• Mitral stenosis
• Infective endocarditis
• Aortic insufficiency

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Question 28

Which bacterium causes Lyme disease?

• Haemophilus influenzae
• Borrelia burgdorferi
• Bordetella pertussis
• Escherichia coli

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Question 29

What is caused by an obstruction in the lymphatic system leading to an accumulation of fluid in one or more lymph nodes?

• Lymphoma
• Lymphedema
• Lymphocytosis
• Lymphadenitis

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Question 30

What risk factors are associated with lymphoma?

• High-sodium diet and sedentary lifestyle
• Radiation exposure and Immunosuppressive therapy
• Under the age of 30 years and hyperactivity
• Influenza infection and dehydration

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Question 31

A patient is receiving treatment for Hodgkin disease. What is a possible complication of the treatment for Hodgkin disease?

• A weakening of the lymphatic vessels
• Increased levels of monocytes in the blood
• Increased cognitive impairment
• A weakened immune system

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Question 32

Which condition is a lower respiratory tract infection?

• Epiglottitis
• Legionnaires’ disease
• Infectious mononucleosis
• Allergic rhinitis

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Question 33

Which clinical manifestation is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

• Hemoptysis
• Dyspnea
• Pink, frothy sputum WGU. Pathophysiology 1
• Weakness

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Question 34

What is a risk factor associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

• High-protein diet
• Regular exercise
• Cigarette smoking
• Sedentary lifestyle