Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26

Question 1

Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26. A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing pain following a procedure?

• Increased formula consumption
• Decreased respiratory rate
• Decreased heart rate
• Increased crying episodes

Question 2

A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 3-year-old child who has a high fever, severe dyspnea, and is drooling. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority?

• Insert an IV catheter.
• Prepare for nasotracheal intubation.
• Obtain blood culture specimens.
• Administer an antipyretic.

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old toddler who is hospitalized and confined to a room with contact precautions in place. Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend in order to meet the developmental needs of the client?

• Crayons and a coloring book
• Large building blocks
• Modeling clay
• Hanging crib toys

Question 4

A nurse is assessing a school-age child. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the child may have a bleeding disorder?

• Frequent falls
• Swollen knees
• Dental caries
• Mood changes

Question 5

A nurse is admitting a child who has leukemia and a critically low platelet count. Which of the following precautions should the nurse initiate?

• Droplet
• Bleeding
• Contact
• Neutropenic

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a child who has experienced a febrile seizure. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as the cause of the seizure?

• Sudden rise in body temperature due to infection
• Pooling of blood in a cerebral space
• Structural brain lobe defect since birth
• Trauma to the head or neck area causing a concussion

Question 7

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?

• Low-sodium, fluid-restricted
• Regular diet, no added salt
• Low-protein, low-potassium diet Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26
• Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a newborn who may have pyloric stenosis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

• Always seems full
• Presence of Dance sign
• Excessive weight gain
• Projectile vomiting

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a child who has rheumatic fever. When obtaining the child’s medical history from the parent, the nurse should recognize the significance of which of the following data as the possible source of the child’s infection?

• A sibling who had a sore throat 3 weeks ago
• A classmate who has fifth disease
• The father who had gastritis 2 weeks ago
• A neighbor’s child who has chickenpox

Question 10

A child is admitted with a suspected diagnosis of Wilms’ tumor. The nurse should place a sign with which of the following warnings over the child’s bed?

• No venipuncture or blood pressure in left arm
• Collect all urine.
• Do not palpate abdomen.
• Contact precautions

Question 11

A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has beta thalassemia. The parents ask the nurse about other manifestations to watch for in their child. The nurse recognizes that children who have beta thalassemia have the potential for which of the following psychosocial diagnoses?

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Conduct disorder

Question 12

A nurse is assisting with care for an 11-year-old child who has appendicitis. For which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate assisting with collecting data for the RN assessment of the client?

• Pyloric stenosis
• Gastroenteritis
• Celiac disease
• Peritonitis

Question 13

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 9-month-old infant. Which of the following findings requires further intervention?

• Negative Crawl reflex
• Positive Moro reflex
• Positive Babinski reflex
• Negative Doll’s eye reflex

Question 14

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a newborn who is postoperative following surgical closure of a myelomeningocele. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• Limit visitors to immediate family members.
• Maintain the infant in the supine position.
• Initiate contact precautions.
• Provide a latex-free environment.

Question 15

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has secondary vesicoureteral reflux. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

• “Neurogenic bladder is unrelated to secondary vesicoureteral reflux.”
• “This condition is caused by a genetic alteration in the valve between the bladder and ureters.”
• “This condition is not associated with risk of kidney damage.”
• “Secondary vesicoureteral reflux can result from a blockage in the urinary tract.”

Question 16

A nurse is assessing a toddler who drinks 1 quart of cow’s milk per day. The nurse should identify that the toddler is at risk for developing which of the following disorders?

• Rickets
• Diabetes mellitus
• Iron deficiency anemia Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26
• Obesity

Question 17

A nurse is planning to increase a toddler’s dietary intake of iron. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

• Bananas
• Cucumbers
• Skim milk
• Tuna fish

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is suspected of having meningitis. The nurse should expect the provider to order which of the following diagnostic tests?

• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment
• RBC count
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis

Question 19

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has aplastic anemia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

• “This condition is caused by the premature destruction of RBCs.”
• “Aplastic anemia results from decreased bone marrow production of RBCs.” Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26
• “This condition is a result of excessive iron intake.”
• “This condition is often caused by an acute viral infection.”

Question 24

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who has Graves’ disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level
• Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level
• Increased triiodothyronine ($T_3$) level
• Decreased thyroxine ($T_4$) level

Question 25

A nurse is caring for a 14-year-old client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nurse should recognize which of the following as a common manifestation of SLE?

• Mania
• Increased energy
• Depression and isolation
• Weight gain

Question 26

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has pediculosis capitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• Lice can be transmitted by household pets.
• Pediculosis capitis is a marker of poor socioeconomic status.
• Nits that are shed into the environment are capable of hatching for up to 10 days.
• A child can return to school once they have been treated with a pediculicide shampoo.

Question 27

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has impetigo contagiosa. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• Apply a topical steroid to the lesions.
• Wash clothing in hot water.
• Keep the child out of school for 2 weeks.
• Cover the lesions with a dry, sterile dressing.

Question 28

A nurse is assessing an infant who has a central nervous system (CNS) infection. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• Sunken fontanel
• Bulging fontanel
• Hypotension
• Bradycardia

Question 29

A nurse is assessing a child who is in sickle cell crisis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• Pain
• Bradycardia
• High fever
• Constipation

Question 30

A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests will confirm the diagnosis?

• A sputum culture
• A stool fat content analysis
• Sweat chloride test
• Pulmonary function tests

Question 31

A nurse is caring for a child who has pertussis. The child’s parent asks the nurse what the common name for this disease is. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?

• Whooping cough
• Mumps
• Chickenpox
• Fifth disease

Question 32

A nurse is reinforcing education to parents of an infant who has intussusception. Which of the following statements would the nurse provide to the parents?

• “Intussusception occurs when one segment of the intestine slides into another, which can cut off blood supply.”
• “Intussusception is a consequence of weakened abdominal muscles, allowing a portion of the intestine to bulge.”
• “Intussusception is a congenital condition where the layers of the intestinal wall do not form properly.”
• “Intussusception results from the twisting of the intestine, causing a blockage in the passage of food.”

Question 33

A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• Facial edema
• Smokey brown urine
• Polyuria
• Hypertension

Question 34

A nurse in the outpatient clinic is assessing a client who has psoriasis. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26.

• Unilateral lesions
• Serous drainage
• Silvery, white scales
• Intense pain

Question 35

A nurse is planning care for a child who has suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• Transport the child to radiology for a throat x-ray.
• Place the child in an upright position.
• Obtain a throat culture.
• Visualize the epiglottis with a tongue depressor.

Question 36

A nurse is monitoring a child for manifestations of hemorrhage following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of this postoperative complication?

• Mouth breathing
• Frequent swallowing
• Reports of thirst
• Reports of pain

Question 37

A nurse is caring for a 14-year-old client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nurse should recognize which of the following as a common manifestation of SLE?

• Mania
• Increased energy
• Depression and isolation
• Weight gain

Question 38

A nurse is assessing a child who has a suspected head injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess the child’s cognitive status?

• Monitor intracranial pressure
• Have blood work done
• Use the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
• Recommend a CT scan

Question 39

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has extensive partial and full-thickness burns of the head, neck, and chest. While planning the client’s care, the nurse should identify which of the following risks as the priority for assessment and intervention?

• Fluid imbalance
• Paralytic ileus
• Infection
• Airway obstruction

Question 40

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is caring for a child who has iron deficiency anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the parents regarding administration of this medication?

• Administer at bedtime.
• Give with a 240 mL (8 oz) glass of milk. Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26.
• Administer at mealtimes.
• Give with orange juice.

Question 41

A nurse is assigned to care for a client diagnosed with autoimmune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). When reviewing the client’s plan of care prior to caring for the client, the nurse should recognize that the priority concern in caring for the client is to monitor for

• bleeding.
• fatigue.
• side effects of immunosuppressants.
• constipation.

Question 42

A nurse is planning care for a 6-year-old child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following nursing interventions is unnecessary in the client’s plan of care?

• Place the client in a semi-Fowler’s position.
• Implement seizure precautions.
• Measure head circumference every shift.
• Admit the client to a private room.

Question 43

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

• “I should increase my sodium intake.”
• “I can expect to have swelling in my face.”
• “I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy.”
• “I will lose protein in my urine.”

Question 44

A nurse is caring for a client who has a neurogenic bladder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential complication of this condition?

• Epispadias
• Phimosis
• Vesicoureteral reflux
• Bladder Exstrophy

Question 45

A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

• “Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day.”
• “Monitor your child’s temperature daily.”
• “Restrict outdoor play activity to 1 hour per day.”
• “Apply cold compresses when your child expresses pain.”

Question 46

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 6-year-old child who is suspected to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following statements should the nurse make to describe the diagnostic process for ADHD?

• “Diagnosis of ADHD primarily relies on the results of comprehensive diagnostic studies.”
• “Clinical manifestations of ADHD must be observed for at least six months to be considered for diagnosis.” (Note: Current DSM-5 criteria requires 6 months)
• “Blood tests and scans are typically used to confirm the diagnosis of ADHD.”
• “We can use a computer-based test to definitively diagnose your child with ADHD.”

Question 47

A nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with meningitis. The parent of the infant asks how they can prevent the infection from being spread to their other children who are 2 and 4-years of age. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? Custom: Final Pediatric Quiz- May 26.

• “By washing your children’s hands after any contact, you can avoid spreading meningitis.”
• “Avoid close contact between your infant and any other children until the infection is resolved.”
• “Meningitis is not highly transmissible to children if they are not infants.”
• “Your 2-year-old child should be kept away from the infant, but your 4-year-old can have contact if necessary.”

Question 48

A nurse is providing teaching about lice to the parents of a school-age child at a well-child visit. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

• “Lice can jump from one child to another.”
• “Washing your child’s hair daily will prevent lice.”
• “Encourage your child to avoid sharing hats with other children.”
• “Live lice can survive for 2 weeks away from the host.”

Question 49

A nurse is creating a plan of care for a fetus who has been diagnosed with clubfoot via ultrasound. Which of the following procedures should the nurse expect to include in the plan of care?

• An orthotic brace will be made when the infant is 6 months of age.
• Surgery will be performed in utero to correct the deformity.
• Monitor the infant and perform physical therapy if needed to help with mobility.
• A series of casts will be made for the infant soon after birth.

Question 50

A nurse is providing care to an adolescent who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and asks the nurse what is causing their manifestations. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• “In DIC, the damage to organs is caused by uncontrolled bleeding due to a disrupted coagulation cascade and lack of clotting factors.”
• “There are two stages of DIC, the first being overreactive clotting and the second overactive bleeding.”
• “In DIC, the excessive clotting factors result in injury to vessels, causing increased bruising and bleeding under the skin, nose, and mouth.”
• “There are two stages of DIC, the first being overreactive bleeding and the second being overactive clotting.”

Question 51

A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Which of the following structures in the child’s brain should the nurse identify as being affected?

• Cerebral ventricles are enlarged from excess fluid.
• Unexpected electrical activity in the brain becomes uncontrolled.
• Blood vessels are malformed and do not provide adequate blood supply.
• Excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fluid creating a protrusion.

Question 52

A nurse is educating the parents of a pediatric client on pinworms. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

• Expect the child client to experience anal itching that may worsen at night.
• Watery diarrhea is the primary manifestation of pinworms.
• Pinworms are diagnosed by culturing the child’s stool.
• Prophylactic treatment of household members is not recommended.

Question 53

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask?

• “Has your child had any injuries recently?”
• “Has your son had a sore throat recently?”
• “Was your son born with this cardiac defect?”
• “Have you given your child aspirin in the past 2 weeks?”

Question 54

A nurse is caring for a client with an allergic skin condition. The client develops wheezing, a swollen tongue, and hives. Which of the following is the priority?

• Assessing the client’s neurologic status.
• Determining the cause of the hives.
• Consulting an allergy specialist.
• Administering epinephrine.

Question 55

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a preschooler who has eczema. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

• Apply prescribed topical corticosteroid ointment to the affected area.
• Give the child a bubble baths every day.
• Launder the child’s clothing with fabric softener.
• Dress the child in woolen clothes during cold months.

Question 56

A nurse is caring for a female client who has bulimia nervosa and reports frequent self-induced vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• Amenorrhea
• Hyperkalemia
• Lower than normal expected reference range of body weight
• Dental decay

Question 57

A nurse is planning home care for a 9-year-old child following an acute exacerbation of asthma. Which of the following of Erikson’s development stages should the nurse consider in the planning?

• Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
• Industry vs. inferiority
• Identity vs. role confusion
• Initiative vs. guilt

Question 58

A nurse is educating the parents of an infant who has developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) about the use of a Pavlik harness. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• “The Pavlik harness is designed to be used in conjunction with an Ilfeld orthosis.”
• “Infants in a Pavlik harness should be swaddled with their legs straight together.”
• “Infants in a Pavlik harness should wear it 23 hours a day.”
• “The Pavlik harness is used after surgical treatment of DDH.”