MICROBIOLOGY module 3 Quiz

Question 21

MICROBIOLOGY module 3 Quiz. Phospholipases are enzymes that:

• degrade cell membranes
• promote chemotaxis
• allow pathogens to survive inside the phagolysosome
• degrade antibodies

Question 22

A(n) ______ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection.

• Local
• Focal
• Systemic
• Primary

Question 23

Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for:

• Adhesion
• Colonization
• Invasion
• Motility

Question 24

A blanket from a child with chickenpox is likely to be contaminated with the virus. The blanket is called a:

• vector
• host
• fomite
• reservoir

Question 25

Match the epidemiology term with its description:

• sporadic disease: a disease found occasionally in a region with cases occurring mainly in isolation from each other
• endemic disease: a disease found regularly in a particular region
• morbidity rate: the number of disease cases per 100,000 individuals
• pandemic disease: a disease in higher than expected numbers around the world
• mortality rate: the number of deaths from a disease for every 10,000 individuals

Question 26

Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system?

• generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens
• a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure
• the production of antibody molecules against pathogens
• a targeted and highly specific response to a single pathogen or molecule

Question 27

Which of the following serve as chemical signals between cells and stimulate a wide range of nonspecific defenses?

• antibodies
• cytokines
• complement proteins
• antimicrobial peptides

Question 28

Histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and bradykinin are examples of which of the following?

• chemical mediators that promote inflammation
• chemical mediators primarily found in the digestive system
• complement proteins that form MACs
• antimicrobial peptides found on the skin

Question 29

Which of the following are the primary cells involved in the innate immune response?

• lymphocytes
• leukocytes
• erythrocytes
• platelets

Question 30

Antibodies are produced by ______.

• Bone marrow
• Plasma B cells
• T cells
• Memory B cells

Question 31

A single antigen molecule may be composed of many individual ______.

• Epitopes
• T-cell receptors
• haptens
• MHC II

Question 33

Which type of receptor is found on all nucleated cells?

• MHC I
• Antibodies
• B cell receptors
• MHC II

Question 34

Which type of receptor is found only on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells?

• MHC I
• B cell receptor
• MHC II
• Antibodies

Question 35

Cytotoxic T (CD8) cells will bind to which of the following?

• free antigen in a soluble form
• antigens presented with MHC I molecules
• haptens only
• antigens presented with MHC II molecules

Question 36

Match the antibody class with its description: MICROBIOLOGY module 3 Quiz

• IgG: The only class that can cross the placenta
• IgA: Found in large amounts in mucus secretions
• IgM: The first to appear after activation of B cells
• IgE: Involved in defense against parasites and allergic responses

Question 37

A ______ T cell will become activated by presentation of foreign antigen in association with an MHC II molecule.

• Antibody activated
• Antigen activated
• CD 4 helper
• CD 8 cytotoxic

Question 38

______ immunity occurs when antibodies from one individual are harvested and given to another to protect against disease or treat active disease.

• Natural, passive
• Artificial, active
• Artificial, passive
• Natural, active

Question 39

A high concentration of this in the blood, leads to the development of Sepsis.

• Exoenzymes
• Endotoxins
• Adhesins
• Exotoxins

Question 40

A disease that has a steady frequency over time in a specific geographic location is:

• epidemic
• sporadic
• pandemic
• endemic
• chronic

Question 41

All infectious diseases:

• are caused by microorganisms or their products
• involve viruses as the pathogen
• are caused by vectors
• are contagious
• only occur in humans

Question 42

All of the following are signs of infectious diseases, except:

• leucopenia
• swollen lymph nodes
• antibodies in serum
• fever
• nausea