Question 1
NURS 411 Foundations QUIZ 2. A home health nurse is visiting an older adult client with Parkinson’s disease who is taking levodopa-carbidopa. What common adverse effect should the nurse assess this man for?
- a) Tachypnea
- b) Hypertension
- c) Blurred vision
- d) Orthostatic hypotension
Question 2
A client prescribed phenytoin for a seizure disorder has recently run out of medication and has not obtained a refill. What is the client at risk for developing?
- a) Hypotension
- b) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- c) Status epilepticus
- d) Anticholinergic toxicity
Question 3
A client with a recent history of seizures has been prescribed valproate. The nurse should recognize that this medication will achieve a therapeutic effect by what means? NURS 411 Foundations QUIZ 2
- a) Increasing the amount of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction
- b) Reducing the amount of dopamine available in the brain
- c) Increasing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity
- d) Blocking calcium channels in the heart and brain
Question 4
The nurse is working with a client who has been prescribed tizanidine for the treatment of muscle spasticity. When monitoring the client’s risk for injury, what assessment should the nurse prioritize?
- a) Assessment of the client’s skin for signs of dermatitis
- b) Assessment of the client’s orientation and level of consciousness
- c) Assessment of the client’s range of motion
- d) Assessment of the client’s blood pressure for hypotension
Question 5
A client has been prescribed benztropine as drug therapy for Parkinson’s disease. What assessment findings would suggest a therapeutic effect to the nurse?
- a) Decreased rigidity and tremors
- b) Increased ability to concentrate
- c) Decreased heart rate and respiratory rate
- d) Increased muscle tone and strength
Question 6
The client, newly diagnosed with epilepsy begins to show signs of seizure activity. What is the nurse’s priority action? NURS 411 Foundations QUIZ 2
- a) Notify the provider immediately
- b) Administer the prescribed antiepileptic medication
- c) Protect the client’s safety
- d) Insert a padded tongue blade into the client’s mouth
Question 7
An older adult client has been diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease and has begun treatment with donepezil. When providing health education to the client and the client’s spouse, the nurse should identify what goal of treatment?
- a) Restoration of the client’s pre-diagnosis cognitive function
- b) Reversing the age-related changes in the client’s brain
- c) Improvement of cognition and function
- d) Curative treatment of the disease process
Question 8
The caregiver of a 76-year-old client diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease asks the nurse about the drug galantamine. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
- a) This drug is a diuretic and will help with the brain swelling.
- b) This drug will stop the neurofibrillary tangles and stop the disease.
- c) This drug is a cholinesterase inhibitor, which can slow the progression of the disease.
- d) This drug will work within 2 to 3 days to return the person’s memory to normal.
Question 9
A client is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. The nurse should anticipate administering which medication?
- a) Levodopa
- b) Benztropine
- c) Donepezil
- d) Carbidopa
Question 10
A general anesthetic has been administered to a surgical client, and the client has begun to exhibit signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia. The operating room nurse should prepare to assist with the administration of:
- a) orphenadrine.
- b) metaxalone.
- c) chlorzoxazone.
- d) dantrolene.
Question 11
A client has been taking levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. What additional medication may decrease the amount of levodopa needed to reach a therapeutic level in the brain, thereby reducing the adverse effects of levodopa?
- a) Bromocriptine
- b) Carbidopa
- c) Amantadine
- d) Trihexyphenidyl
Question 12
What effect will severe dehydration and a low albumin level have on a client that is taking phenytoin?
- a) Potentially cause a toxic serum level of phenytoin
- b) Result in a reduced serum level of phenytoin
- c) Trigger increased seizure activity
- d) Increase the risk for a thromboembolism
Question 13
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who will be going home on cyclobenzaprine prescribed for acute musculoskeletal pain. What health education should the nurse provide?
- a) Avoid drinking any alcohol until the completion of treatment.
- b) Take the medication in the morning to avoid nighttime awakenings because of diuresis.
- c) Avoid taking acetaminophen concurrently with cyclobenzaprine.
- d) Avoid any supplements that contain vitamin B6.
Question 14
A client with Parkinson’s disease started medication treatment two weeks ago and is in the office for a follow-up assessment. Which finding best suggests to the nurse that the treatment is therapeutic?
- a) The client is oriented to person, place, time, and event
- b) The client denies shortness of breath
- c) The client is able to walk more stably that two weeks ago
- d) The client states they have been able to sleep through the night. NURS 411 Foundations QUIZ 2
Question 15
A post-operative client has not urinated for 7 hours. Bethanechol has been ordered for the client. After administering the dose, the nurse’s priority assessment is:
- a) Assess client’s blood pressure in 3 hours
- b) Assess the client’s urinary output in 1 hour
- c) Assess the client’s cardiovascular status every 15 minutes
- d) Assess fluid intake for 24 hours
Question 16
The nurse evaluates the client’s latest serum phenytoin level, which is revealed to be $16 \text{ mcg/mL}$. What is the nurse’s best action?
- a) Contact the provider to discuss the need for a supplementary dose of phenytoin.
- b) Promptly establish seizure precautions.
- c) Contact the provider to discuss withholding the next scheduled dose.
- d) Document the fact that the client’s phenytoin level is therapeutic.
Question 17
The nurse provides the client teaching about the use of levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Which statement by the client would indicate a good understanding of levodopa?
- a) “I’ll know within about a year whether this drug has cured my Parkinson’s disease.”
- b) “I should avoid exercising while taking this drug so that I don’t get injured.”
- c) “I should take this drug with food to avoid an upset stomach.”
- d) “I will take multivitamins to ensure that I have good nutrition.”
Question 18
How do cholinergic agonist drugs such as bethanechol affect the bladder? (Select all that apply)
- a) Increase the capacity of the bladder
- b) Increase tone and contractility of the bladder muscles
- c) Reduce the number of urinary tract infections
- d) Increase tone of the detrusor muscle to allow for relaxation of the urinary sphincter
- e) Help the neurons communicate the need to urinate
Question 19
Following recent changes in memory and personality, an older adult client is undergoing neurologic testing to rule out Alzheimer’s disease. The nurse is aware that this disease is characterized by what pathophysiologic phenomena? (Select all that apply)
- a) Meningiomas
- b) Neuritic plaques
- c) Neurofibrillary tangles
- d) Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)
- e) Gliomas
Question 20
A nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson’s disease. Which assessments will indicate to the nurse that the anti-Parkinson medications are effective? (Select all that apply)
- a) Reduction in dry mouth
- b) Reduction in tremors
- c) Decrease of muscle rigidity
- d) Improved gait
- e) Slowing of movement. NURS 411 Foundations QUIZ 2
