Question 124
NU141 Pharmacology for Nursing FINAL EXAM. The nurse is preparing to discharge a client who has been prescribed cyclobenzaprine for muscle spasms. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further education?
- a) “I should avoid driving until I know how this medication affects me.”
- b) “I will avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.”
- c) “I will report any unusual symptoms like muscle weakness to my doctor.”
- d) “I will take this medication for three weeks and then stop taking it.”
Question 125
Anticholinergic drugs have many effects on the body. Which condition, if present, should the nurse alert the doctor to prior to the administration of an anticholinergic drug?
- a) Hypertension
- b) Diabetes mellitus
- c) Hypothyroidism
- d) Glaucoma
Question 126
A client is prescribed cyclobenzaprine for muscle spasms. When the nurse is providing education to the client, what must the nurse include in the education plan?
- a) Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- b) Discontinue the medication if you feel dizzy.
- c) Avoid drinking any alcohol until the completion of treatment
- d) Do not take the medication with food.
Question 127
The nurse is providing education to a client who is taking carbamazepine. As part of the education, the nurse should tell the client that which of the following foods/beverages should the client avoid?
- a) Apple juice
- b) Orange juice
- c) Grapefruit juice
- d) Cranberry juice
Question 128
The nurse is caring for a client whose phenytoin level is 16 mcg/mL. Which is the nurse’s priority action?
- a) Contact the health care provider immediately.
- b) Hold the next dose of phenytoin.
- c) Document the fact the client’s phenytoin level is therapeutic
- d) Prepare to administer a loading dose of phenytoin.
Question 129
When a client is being treated for epilepsy, what is the treatment directed at?
- a) Curing the underlying disease
- b) Stabilizing overexcited nerve membranes
- c) Promoting the transmission of nerve impulses
- d) Blocking all nerve impulses
Question 130
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by which of the following?
- a) Excessive levels of serotonin
- b) Deficient levels of acetylcholine
- c) Excessive levels of dopamine
- d) Deficient levels of dopamine
Question 131
Anti-infective drugs that are highly selective and effective against only a few specific organisms are referred to as:
- a) Broad spectrum
- b) Narrow spectrum
- c) Bactericidal
- d) Bacteriostatic NU141 Pharmacology for Nursing FINAL EXAM.
Question 132
A female client has been prescribed ampicillin. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to teach the client?
- a) Use a type of barrier birth control while you are taking this antibiotic.
- b) Stop taking the antibiotic once your symptoms go away.
- c) Ampicillin can be taken with or without food.
- d) Do not take the medication with water.
Question 133
What event triggers the development of a superinfection?
- a) Presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
- b) Long-term use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics
- c) Use of a specific anti-infective drug
- d) Proteolysis
Question 134
The client has been prescribed a fluoroquinolone. The nurse knows which of the following is a nursing intervention for clients taking fluoroquinolones? NU141 Pharmacology for Nursing FINAL EXAM
- a) Limit fluid intake.
- b) Take with an antacid.
- c) Restrict sun exposure.
- d) Increase fluid intake.
Question 135
A client presents at the clinic reporting vaginal itching and a clear discharge. The client reports to the nurse that she has been taking an antibiotic for ten days. What is the nurse’s best action?
- a) Tell the client that the symptoms are a normal side effect of the drug.
- b) Tell the client to use a vaginal douche.
- c) Assess for other signs of allergic reaction.
- d) Educate the client about the likelihood of a superinfection caused by the destruction of normal flora
Question 136
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is preparing to teach the client about the medication. What must the nurse include in the education plan?
- a) Decrease the amount of fiber in the diet.
- b) Take precautions to prevent photosensitivity.
- c) The medication will turn the urine orange.
- d) Be sure to take the medication with an antacid.
Question 137
A client is to receive gentamicin for treatment of an infection. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to assess to establish a baseline?
- a) Level of consciousness
- b) Auditory function
- c) Visual acuity
- d) Signs of infection
Question 138
The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a urinary anti-infective. What assessment should the nurse prioritize to identify the effectiveness and appropriateness of the client’s drug therapy?
- a) Assessment of 24-hour urine quantity
- b) Oral temperature
- c) Urine culture and sensitivity results
- d) Assessment for dysuria or flank pain
Question 139
A client has been prescribed phenazopyridine for urinary tract symptoms related to an infection. The client asks why she is taking this medication. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse when the client asks why the medication has been prescribed?
- a) “This medicine will decrease the pain of your infection.”
- b) “This medicine is used to treat urinary retention.”
- c) “This medicine will stop the blood in the urine.”
- d) “The medicine will prevent hesitancy when you are urinating.”
Question 140
The patient is receiving vancomycin intravenously. The nurse assesses the patient and finds that the patient has flushed skin, a rash, and a drop in blood pressure. Which of the following actions has most likely occurred? NU141 Pharmacology for Nursing FINAL EXAM
- a) The IV infusion is too fast.
- b) The IV infusion is too slow.
- c) Dosage is too high
- d) Renal failure
Question 141
A client has developed Clostridium difficile associated with pseudomembranous colitis. Which medication is effective in the treatment of Clostridium difficile?
- a) Linezolid
- b) Cladribine
- c) Clarithromycin
- d) Metronidazole
Question 142
The nurse understands that vancomycin is a powerful drug and can treat serious gram-positive infections that do not respond to treatment with other anti-infectives. Serious adverse effects of vancomycin include which of the following?
- a) Nephrotoxicity
- b) Increased risk for bleeding
- c) Increased risk for hyperglycemia
- d) Headache
Shutterstock
Question 143
Which of the following would a nurse identify as being classified as a macrolide?
- a) Azithromycin
- b) Gentamicin
- c) Doxycycline
- d) Cephalexin
Question 144
The nurse is reviewing the medication instructions for the client taking acyclovir. Which statement by the client would indicate the need for additional teaching?
- a) “I need to complete the full course of therapy as prescribed.”
- b) “This medication will maintain the symptoms and cure my disease.”
- c) “I need to report any rash or itching while taking the medication.”
- d) “I need to contact my health care provider if the lesion turns red.”
Question 145
Antivirals are used to treat infections caused by viruses. In particular, acyclovir is useful to treat which infection?
- a) RSV
- b) Influenza
- c) Hepatitis A
- d) Herpes zoster
Question 146
The nursing student asks the instructor why it is more difficult to develop antiviral drugs than anti-infective drugs. Which would be the nursing instructor’s best reply?
- a) Viruses are large, and it is hard to keep them contained.
- b) Viruses are tiny and replicate inside cells.
- c) Viruses are large and normally reproduce outside of the cell.
- d) Viruses are tiny, and it is hard to keep them contained.
Question 147
A 70-year-old man is being treated for herpes zoster virus. He has been prescribed acyclovir. Which of the following assessments should the clinic nurse prioritize?
- a) Neurologic function
- b) Renal function
- c) Cardiac function
- d) Respiratory function
Question 148 (Select all that apply)
It is the duty of all healthcare providers to prevent antibiotic resistance. As a nurse, how can you play an active role in preventing antibiotic resistance?
- a) Wash your hands only when they are visibly soiled
- b) Obtain culture specimens prior to administration of antibiotic therapy
- c) Report culture results to the health care provider
- d) Instruct patient that antibiotics will be discontinued once they no longer have a fever
- e) Use proper isolation procedures
Question 149 (Select all that apply)
A bacteriostatic substance is one that:
- a) Directly kills bacteria it comes in contact with.
- b) Directly kills any viruses that are sensitive to the substance.
- c) Prevents the growth of bacteria.
- d) Prevents the growth of viruses.
- e) Prevents the reproduction of bacteria.
Question 150 (Select all that apply)
The nurse is teaching a patient about sublingual nitroglycerin administration. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?
- a) Call 911 if the pain does not improve after three doses.
- b) Take the first tablet while sitting or lying down.
- c) Take your blood pressure before taking the first dose.
- d) Chew the tablet and then drink a full glass of water.
- e) If pain persists after one dose, administer a second dose
