1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has residual deficits from a previous cerebrovascular accident (CVA), including flaccidity and aphasia. Which of the following interventions would be considered tertiary prevention?
- a) Assessment of the client’s blood pressure
- b) Monitoring the client’s daily bleeding and clotting times
- c) Providing gait training and speech therapy
- d) Educating the client on the signs and symptoms of a CVA
2. Which of the following is an example of a safety need according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
- a) The client seeks to form close relationships with friends and family.
- b) The client is working towards achieving personal success and recognition.
- c) The client is focused on meeting their basic nutritional needs.
- d) The client wants to feel safe from physical harm and violence.
3. Which of the following is an example of an acute illness?
- a) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- b) Hypertension
- c) Appendicitis
- d) Diabetes mellitus
4. A nurse is assessing a client’s self-concept. Which question would best help the nurse obtain subjective data about the client’s self-concept?
- a) “What do you usually eat in a day?”
- b) “Can you tell me about your family and relationships?”
- c) “How do you feel about your family and relationships?”
- d) “How would you describe yourself to others?”
5. STD’s can affect anyone. Please select which below is true.
- a) STD’s are passed through casual contact like handshaking or hugging.
- b) STD’s are only passed if the individuals are married.
- c) STD’s can be passed from mother to baby.
- d) STD’s can only be contracted by people from lower socioeconomic groups.
6. A nurse is educating a group of clients about the Health-Illness Continuum. Which statement best describes this concept?
- a) “It defines health as the absence of disease or illness.”
- b) “It focuses on achieving a static state of optimal wellness.”
- c) “It views health and illness as dynamic states that fluctuate along a continuum.”
- d) “It suggests that health and illness are independent of one another.”
7. A client is in the exam room at her primary care provider’s office to discuss the management of an STD. Which of the following questions or statements would be most useful for the nurse to make when eliciting information about the client’s sexual history?
- a) “Why didn’t you use protection when you were having sex?”
- b) “How many sexual partners have you had in the last 6 months?”
- c) “We need to gather some details about your sexual activity to provide the best care possible. Can we discuss this?”
- d) “Since you have this disease, it is likely that you were not faithful to your partner.”
8. A client is admitted to the hospital with abrupt symptoms of increasing shortness of breath, fever, and a productive cough with green sputum. Upon further exam, the client is diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. The nurse identifies this as which type of illness?
- a) Acute
- b) Chronic
- c) Relapsing
- d) Remission
9. Which statement best defines the concept of illness?
- a) The absence of signs and symptoms of disease.
- b) The response of a person to a disease, affecting their functioning in all dimensions.
- c) A state of optimal physical, mental, and social well-being.
- d) The presence of a diagnosable pathology in the body.
10. Which phrase best describes the concept of health?
- a) The absence of physical illness.
- b) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
- c) The ability to perform daily activities without assistance.
- d) The presence of a positive attitude towards life.
11. A nurse is caring for a client with severe arthritis. The nurse knows which of the following is a characteristic of a chronic illness?
- a) Sudden onset of symptoms that resolve quickly.
- b) Irreversible changes that require long-term management.
- c) A predictable course that leads to a full recovery.
- d) A condition that is always fatal within a short period.
12. A nurse caring for critically-ill clients uses interventions to help clients maintain a sense of self. Which of the following are recommended interventions?
- a) Call the client by his or her first name unless the client objects.
- b) Avoid therapeutic touch to prevent the client from feeling uncomfortable.
- c) Converse with the client about his life experience.
- d) Discourage the client from expressing negative emotions.
13. The nurse is employed in an area with interaction with clients of all age groups and varying degrees of development. The nurse understands the role of the nurse is to be able to apply principles and theories of growth and development to practice by doing which of the following?
- a) Applying a standardized care plan to all clients regardless of age.
- b) Recognizing that clients’ needs may vary depending on their developmental stage.
- c) Focusing solely on the physical growth of the client.
- d) Ignoring the client’s psychosocial development.
14. In the internalization of self-concept, which of the following is most influential?
- a) Peers
- b) Parents
- c) School
- d) Church
15. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs should be addressed first in a hospitalized client?
- a) Self-esteem needs
- b) Physiological needs
- c) Safety and security needs
- d) Love and belonging needs
16. Which of the following is an example of a client fulfilling love and belonging needs?
- a) A client attends a yoga class twice a week.
- b) A client attends a seminar to gain more knowledge on a topic.
- c) A client secures affordable housing in a safe neighborhood.
- d) A client forms close friendships with other residents in an assisted living facility.
17. A nurse is conducting a health assessment for a 40-year-old client. Which of Havighurst’s developmental tasks should the nurse expect the client to be focused on?
- a) Achieving personal independence
- b) Establishing a family and raising children
- c) Adjusting to decreasing physical strength and retirement
- d) Assisting adolescent children in becoming responsible adults
18. A 55-year-old client comes to the clinic and mentions he has been having an inability to attain an erection. Which of the following factors would be a priority for the nurse to assess? (Select all that apply)
- a) Medications that the client is taking
- b) Specifics about the erectile problem
- c) Sleep history of the client
- d) The client’s physical activity level
- e) If there is a history of diabetes
19. A 50-year-old client has just suffered a heart attack. He is 5’9″, weighs over 275 lbs., has a history of heart disease in his family, currently is a Type 2 diabetic, suffers frequent stress at work, drinks alcohol daily, and smokes two packs of cigarettes daily. Which of the following are modifiable risk factors? (Select all that apply)
- a) Alcohol intake
- b) Smoking
- c) Stress
- d) Age
- e) Family history
- f) Sex
20. Which of the following nursing interventions indicate primary prevention activities? (Select all that apply)
- a) Administering influenza vaccines at a community health clinic
- b) Teaching a class on healthy nutrition to middle school students
- c) Conducting routine blood pressure screenings at a health fair
- d) Educating a client about smoking cessation strategies
- e) Performing a colonoscopy on a client for cancer screening
- f) Advocating for the addition of fluoride to the community water supply
